Emerging in Latin America around 1968, liberation theology began to reshape religious discourse by bridging the gap between Christian faith and the realities of poverty, social justice, and political struggle. This movement posited that theology must actively engage with the lived experiences of the marginalised, advocating for a faith that directly addresses oppressive social and economic structures.

The movement encouraged a shift in perspective, suggesting that religious institutions had a moral obligation to prioritise the needs of the poor. By framing social activism as a core component of spiritual practice, it challenged traditional interpretations of church doctrine and sparked significant debate across both religious and political spheres.

Key aspects of this movement included:

• The integration of Christian teachings with social justice advocacy.
• A focus on the lived experiences of the impoverished.
• The critical analysis of oppressive societal and political structures.
• The promotion of active participation in social reform.

As the movement gained momentum, it provoked intense discussion within established church hierarchies and secular political institutions. Its influence extended beyond theology, prompting a broader examination of how faith-based organisations could contribute to systemic change and the pursuit of equality in Latin American society.