Explore Genetics & DNA through the discoveries, institutions, crises and innovations that changed health and medical care. This timeline explains the context behind each milestone, from early understanding and public health reform to scientific breakthroughs, clinical practice and modern biotechnology. It highlights how knowledge, technology and social need combined to transform treatment, prevention and diagnosis.
In 1866 , the Augustinian friar Gregor Mendel published the results of his extensive experiments with pea plants, detailing the fundamental laws of inheritance. Through his meticulous observations, he identified that tra...
View itemIn approximately 1869, the Swiss chemist Friedrich Miescher successfully isolated a substance he termed nuclein from the nuclei of white blood cells. This pioneering research marked the first time that nucleic material w...
View itemAround 1902 , the scientific understanding of heredity underwent a significant transformation with the development of the chromosome theory of inheritance . This breakthrough established a crucial link between the physic...
View itemIn 1944 , a landmark study conducted by Oswald Avery , Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty fundamentally altered the scientific understanding of genetics. By building upon earlier research into bacterial transformation, the...
View itemIn 1953 , the scientific community reached a monumental turning point with the description of the DNA double helix . This breakthrough provided biology with a clear structural explanation for the mechanisms of heredity a...
View itemBy approximately 1966, the scientific community achieved the monumental task of deciphering the genetic code, a breakthrough that fundamentally transformed our understanding of biological life. This discovery revealed th...
View itemThe recombinant DNA era emerged around 1973, marking a transformative moment in the history of science. This breakthrough occurred when researchers successfully developed techniques to cut, join, and transfer genetic mat...
View itemIn 1983 , the development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) marked a transformative milestone in the field of genetics. This revolutionary technique provided scientists with the ability to take a minute sample of ge...
View itemIn 1990 , the Human Genome Project was officially launched, marking the commencement of an unprecedented international scientific collaboration. This ambitious endeavour sought to map and sequence the entire human geneti...
View itemOn 26 June 2000 , the completion of the first working draft of the human genome was formally announced, marking a monumental achievement in the history of biological science. This collaborative international effort demon...
View itemOn 14 April 2003 , the Human Genome Project reached its successful conclusion, marking a monumental achievement in the history of science. This international research endeavour provided the first comprehensive reference...
View itemAround 2012, the scientific community witnessed a transformative breakthrough with the emergence of CRISPR-based gene editing . This revolutionary technology provided researchers with a method for modifying DNA that was...
View item